本研究の目的は、園で幼児にみられる37種の基礎的運動パターンの頻度と運動能力6種目との関係を検討することであった。全国109園の3～5歳児の担任保育者526名と各クラスの幼児11,130名を対象とした。その結果、移動系の基礎的運動パターンよりも操作系の基礎的運動パターンの方が同形態の運動能力との関連が強かった。全体的にみれば各測定種目は、特定の基礎的運動パターンとのみ関連しているのではなく、様々な基礎的運動パターンと有意に関係しており、多様な動きの経験、遊びとしての動きの経験が運動発達と関係していることが示された。
This study evaluated the relationships between the frequency of 37 fundamental movement patterns observed in nurseries and kindergartens and motor abilities, using 6 items, in 3–5-year-old children. The frequency of the 37 fundamental movement patterns was assessed through observation by teachers in nurseries and kindergartens, and the MKS motor ability test for preschool children (25 meter dash/shuttle run, standing long jump, soft/tennis ball throw, dipping endurance, continuous jump over, ball catching) was used to assess motor ability. The participants were 526 teachers and 11,130 preschool children in 109 nurseries and kindergartens across the country. The relationship of the fundamental movement pattern of manipulation with the corresponding motor ability was stronger than the same for locomotion. Overall, each motor ability measurement item was shown to be significantly related to various fundamental movement patterns. Thus, the various experiences of a motor pattern and experience of the motor pattern as various plays are related to motor development. Moreover, although the children with high motor ability had high frequency of various fundamental movement patterns, certain non-locomotion motor patterns, such as “lying” or “digging,” were the most seen fundamental movement patterns in children with low motor ability.
保育者によって観察された基礎的運動パターンと幼児の運動能力との関係
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